Bernardius

Bernardius	Contents	Rev 06/17/2026
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	Morphology and Anatomy	Life Cycle
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Classification:

Enoplida
Oncholaimoidea
Enchelidiidae

Bernardius Fonseca-Genevois, Venekey & Decraemer. 2009

Type species of genus: Bernardius lineatus Fonseca-Genevois, Venekey & Decraemer. 2009

Genus named in honor of Dr Bernard Genevois, husband of Dr Veronica Fonseca-Genevois.

Synonyms:

Morphology and Anatomy:

Body elongate, tapering anteriorly.
Cuticle with fine transverse striae except at level of head and ornamented with longitudinal ridges starting just posterior to amphidial fovea and running onto tail; a distinction from other genera of the Enchelidiidae..
Anterior sensilla arranged according to pattern 6 + (6 + 4), with anteriormost circle papilliform, other sensilla setiform with four cephalic setae clearly shorter than external labial setae.
Lips fused into a wide oral ring ornamented with bars (only visible in SEM).
Buccal cavity with cheilostom and gymnostom broad and cylindrical, pharyngostom tubiform. Cheilostom thin walled in LM, gymnostom and pharyngostom with well sclerotized walls (rhabdia).
Two hollow, bifid teeth present, anterior one larger; both teeth inserted close to mid-ventral line. In SEM numerous additional denticles visible at transition of cheilostom and gymnostom.
Pharynx gradually enlarging posteriorly, surrounded by nerve ring at mid-region.
Amphidial apertures located posterior to buccal cavity, sexually dimorphic in shape with fovea pocket-shaped in male and an incomplete, broad, dorsal spiral in female and juvenile.
Tail terminus with sclerotized spinneret.

Female:

Didelphic.; ovaries antidromously reflexed, located on right side of intestine

Male:

Monorchic; testis outstretched on right side of intestine.
Spicules cephalated, gubernaculum with dorsal apophyses.
Minute precloacal papillae present.

.Ref: Fonseca-Genevois et al., 2009; Smol et al., 2014

Body size range for the species of this genus in the database - Click:

Feeding:

Food Sources and Feeding strategies for the genus Bernardius

Life Cycle:

For Ecophysiological Parameters for this genus, click

Fonseca-Genevois, V. da, V Venekey, W Decraemer. 2009. Bernardius lineatus gen. n., sp. n. (Enoplida: Enchelidiidae), a remarkable nematode with ornamented cuticle from a Brazilian tropical sandy beach. Nematology 11:275-287

Smol, N., Muthumbi, A., Sharma, J. 2014. Order Enoplida, 7.3. In Schmidt-Rhaesa, A. (ed) Handbook of Zoology. De Gruyter, Berlin

Bernardius

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Classification:

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Morphology and Anatomy:

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Economic Importance:

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Feeding:

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Damage:

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References:

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Copyright 1999 by Howard Ferris.
Revised: June 17, 2026.

Bernardius

Copyright 1999 by Howard Ferris. Revised: June 17, 2026.

Copyright 1999 by Howard Ferris.
Revised: June 17, 2026.