Bernardius lineatus

Bernardius lineatus	Contents	Rev: 10/21/2022
	Classification	Hosts
	Morphology and Anatomy	Life Cycle
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Classification:

Enoplida
Oncholaimoidea
Enchelidiidae

Bernardius lineatus Fonseca-Genevois, Venekey & Decraemer. 2009

Synonyms:

Morphology and Anatomy:

Anterior sensilla arranged according to pattern 6 + (6 + 4), anteriormost circle papilliform and postlabial, external labial and cephalic sensilla setiform; four cephalic setae clearly shorter than external labial sensilla.
Set of two 11 um long cervical setae present at level of amphidial fovea, two additional sets of postfoveal cervical setae present, anteriormost set composed of four 12 Î¼m long setae,most posterior one of two 16 Î¼m long setae. Other somatic setae also present along body but frequently broken or missing.
Buccal cavity elongate, subdivided into cheilostom, gymnostom and pharyngostom. Cheilostom and gymnostom broad, cylindrical, pharyngostom tubiform with well sclerotised walls (rhabdia).
Lips fused, anterior part forming ring around wide mouth opening.
Two hollow, bifid, teeth present, a large anterior and a shorter posterior one, both teeth in same position close to mid-ventral line. In SEM, numerous additional denticles visible at transition of cheilostom-gymnostom.
Pharynx gradually enlarging posteriorly.
Nerve ring located at mid-pharynx level.

Females:

Similar to male in most morphological aspects, including cuticle.
Striking sexual dimorphism in amphid structure with amphidial fovea visible as an incomplete, broad, dorsal spiral- or loop-shape.
Reproductive system didelphic, ovaries antidromously reflexed, both branches located on right side of intestine.
Vulva short, slightly posterior to mid-body, surrounded by weakly developed constrictor muscles.

Ref: Fonseca-Genevois et al., 2009

Males:

Body slender, distinctly tapering in pharyngeal region;
Cuticle with fine transverse striations (except at level of head), 14-16 longitudinal ridges starting just posterior to amphidial fovea and running onto tail. Each longitudinal ridge composed of a row of rods. I
Amphidial fovea pocket-shaped with posterior border of aperture thickened.
Reproductive system with single outstretched anterior testis located to right of intestine
Spicules cephalated, equal in shape and size, about one cloacal body diam. long.
Gubernaculum short with dorsal apophyses, surrounding retracted spicule at about midpoint.
Two minute precloacal papillae anterior to cloacal opening; quite difficult to observe in some males.
Two adcloacal pairs of setae, one precloacal (6 um long) and one postcloacal (11 um long).
Tail 2.0 cloacal body diam. long, terminal sclerotised, spinneret present.
Three caudal glands extending anteriorly beyond cloacal aperture.
Tail tip with four subterminal setae of same length (4uÎ¼m).

Reported median body size for this species (Length mm; width micrometers; weight micrograms) - Click:

Distribution:

Free-living marine nematode species described from a sandy beach in Brazil.

Life Cycle:

Ecophysiological Parameters:

For Ecophysiological Parameters for this species, click	If species level data are not available, click for genus level parameters

Fonseca-Genevois, V. da, V Venekey, W Decraemer. 2009. Bernardius lineatus gen. n., sp. n. (Enoplida: Enchelidiidae), a remarkable nematode with ornamented cuticle from a Brazilian tropical sandy beach. Nematology 11:275-287