Bealius clavicaudatus

 

Contents

 

Rev: 05/02/2026

  Classification Biology and Ecology
Morphology and Anatomy Life Cycle
Return to Bealius Menu Economic Importance Ecosystem Functions and Services
Distribution Management
Return to Paurodontidae Menu Feeding  References
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Classification:

Chromadorea

Chromadoria

Rhabditida

Hexatylina

Tylenchoidea

 Paurodontidae

Paurodontinae

       Bealius clavicaudatus Mwamula, Bae, Kim, Lee & Lee, 2026.

    Synonyms:
     

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Morphology and Anatomy:


 

Females: (free-living phase)

  • Body length 1.01-1.16 mm, cylindrical, tapered to extremities.
  • Cuticle moderately thick, 1.5-2.0 um at midbody, finely annulated,
  • Lateral field with six incisures at midbody, 21.6-31.2% of corresp.
    body diameter
  • Lip region broadly rounded to truncate, continuous with body
    contour, labial framework slightly sclerotized.
  • Stylet moderately robust, with asymmetrical knobs, subventral knobs
    larger than dorsal,
  • Pharyngeal corpus without distinct median bulb and lacking a chamber, nerve ring encircling the corpus at 52-65% of pharynx length from anterior. Basal
    pharyngeal bulb large, saccate, 36.0-65.0 um long with a short stem-like extension, opening into intestine dorsally
  •  Secretory-excretory pore prominent, opening opposite posterior of basal bulb; duct moderately sclerotized.
  • Monodelphicprodelphic, anteriorly reflexed ovary, often with two flexures,  large and
    elongate, axial spermatheca, with distinct spheroid sperm, 1.5-3.0 um long. No postuterine sac.
  • Quadricolumella with eight to nine cells in each row,
  •  Vulva a transverse slit, anterior vulval lip thicker, sclerotized, and partially extending over vulva.  Epiptygma sometimes present.
  •  Tail subcylindrical,expanding posteriorly to a club shape.

Reported median body size for this species (Length mm; width micrometers; weight micrograms) - Click:

 

 

Males:  

  •  Generally morphol;ogically similar to female:
  • Monorchic, reproductive tract occupying 48.2-70.2% of  body length, testis outstretched and
    anteriorly reflexed.
  • Vas deferens packed with spherical sperm,
  • Spicules paired, slightly arcuate, cephalated, bifid at tip, ca 1.3-1.8 times tail length.
  • Gubernaculum simple, slightly curved, 2.3-3.1 times spicules length.
  • Bursa well developed, wide and peloderan, 1.2-1.7 times as long as tail length.
  • Tail longer than cbd, conical, narrowing to a finely rounded terminus.

Pre-parasitic Female:

  •  Body shorter and more slender than free-living female
  • Reproductive system less developed, outstretched,  ovary short, oviduct and spermatheca
    undifferentiated in most specimens, elongate, packed with sperm-like cells
  •  Vagina hardly discernable, narrow, vulva small ashrt, narrow slit, vulval lips not modified

Ref: Mwamula et al., 2026

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Distribution:

Described from the outer wood layer of dead pinewood nematode (B. xylophilus)-infected black pine tree (Pinus thunbergii) in a natural pine-forest in Jeju Island, South Korea. Entomopathogenic stages were not found.

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Economic Importance:

 

 

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Feeding:

Free-living stage probably fungal feeding.  Wood samples from the areas had bark beetle galleries but no insects were recovered. No entomopathogenic forms of the nematode were found (Mwamula et al., 2026)

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Biology and Ecology:

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Life Cycle:

Considered sexually reproducing based on abundance of males and sperm in female spermathecae (Mwamula et al., 2026).

Ecophysiological Parameters:

For Ecophysiological Parameters for this species, click If species level data are not available, click for genus level parameters
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Ecosystem Functions and Services:

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Management:

 
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References:

Massey, C.L. and Hinds, T.E. 1970. Nematodes from aspen cankers in Colorado and New Mexico. Canadian Journal of Zoology 48:97-108. DOI: 10.1139/z70-012

Mwamula, A.O., Bae, C-h., Kim, Y.S., Lee, Y-D., Lee, D.W. 2026. Bealius clavicaudatus n. sp. (Rhabditida, Paurodontidae), a new sphaerularioid nematode from South Korea. Nematology 28:229-242.

 

 

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Copyright © 1999 by Howard Ferris.
Revised: May 02, 2026.