Actinonema diplobulba

Actinonema diplobulba	Contents	Rev: 08/29/2025
	Classification	Biology and Ecology
	Morphology and Anatomy	Life Cycle
Return to Actinonema Menu		Ecosystem Functions and Services
	Distribution	Management
Return to Chromadoridae Menu	Feeding	References
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Classification:

Chromadorea
Chromadoria
Chromadorida
Chromadoridae: Euchromadorinae
Actinonema diplobulba Chu, Hao & Huang, 2023

    Synonyms:

Morphology and Anatomy:

Body small, cylindrical and gradually tapering towards both ends, anterior end blunt.
Cuticle ornamentation heterogeneous with lateral differentiation as a ridge from posterior of amphid to mid-tail
Six inner labial papillae, minute and inconspicuous. Six outer labial setae and four cephalic setae in one circle. Cephalic setae slightly longer than outer labial setae, 25-43% of head diameter.
Buccal cavity conical, with one distinct sharply pointed dorsal tooth in anterior portion of buccal cavity.
Amphideal fovea conspicuous, transversely oval, occupying 54-64% of corresponding body diameter,at level of cephalic setae.
Pharynx with distinct double posterior bulbs. Cardia indistinct. Nerve ring located posterior to middle of pharynx. Excretory pore just posterior to nerve ring,
Ventral gland large, located posterior of the pharyngo-intestinal junction.
Tail conical, with an elongate tapering tip withouty annulation in terminal 4-5 um; caudal glands unclear. Terminal spinneret developed

Actinonema diplobulba (a) entire male; (b) anterior end of male, showing amphidial fovea and cephalic setae; (c) pharyngeal region of male, showing buccal cavity teeth, posterior pharyngeal bulbs; (d) posterior portion of male; (e) spicule, gubernaculum and telamon; (f) entire female. Scale bars: a, f = 30 um; b, d, e = 10 um; c = 20 um.

Drawings from Chu et al., 2023

Females:

Didelphic, amphidelphic; ovary branches reflexed Vulva at mid-body, raised

Ref: Chu et al., 2023

Males:

Monorchic, testis directed anteriorly, outstretched
Spicule single, slender, arcuate, 1.5-1.7 cbd long.
Gubernaculum sinuous
Precloacal supplement absent. .

Reported median body size for this species (Length mm; width micrometers; weight micrograms) - Click:

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Distribution:

Collected in the surface layer of silver sand at the sandbeach of Huangdao, China.

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Feeding:

Epistrate

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Biology and Ecology:

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Life Cycle:

Ecophysiological Parameters:

For Ecophysiological Parameters for this species, click	If species level data are not available, click for genus level parameters

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Ecosystem Functions and Services:

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Management:

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References:

Chu, M., Hao, Y., Huang, M. 2023. Two new species of Chromadorida (Nematoda) from the intertidal zone of the Yellow Sea, China. J. Nat. History 57:1364-1376

Actinonema diplobulba

Epistrate

Copyright 1999 by Howard Ferris. Revised: August 29, 2025.

Copyright 1999 by Howard Ferris.
Revised: August 29, 2025.