Migratory endoparasites
Migratory endoparasites
Migratory endoparasites
Migratory endoparasites
Sedentary endoparasites, establishing the feeding site.
Sedentary endoparasites, feeding site.
Comparison
Sedentary endoparasites: hyperplasia.
Sedentary endoparasites: Cosmetic damage.
Sedentary endoparasites: Cosmetic damage.
Secondary infections and decay.
Predisposition
Root galling and stunting.
Plant stunting and poor growth.
Stem nematode damage.
Predisposition, plant stunting and poor growth, interactions.
Damage by ectoparasitic nematodes
Root cross section showing damage to the root cortex by the root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus sp.
Root longitudinal section showing nematodes and damage in the root cortex. Pratylenchus sp.
Root damage by the burrowing nematode, Radopholus similis, results in lack of vigor, dieback of branches and reduced yield.
Migratory endoparasites such as Radopholus similis and Helicotylenchus multicinctus, weaken banana root system. Plant topples under weight of fruit or in wind.
Mass invasion of a root by infective juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita.
Giant cell feeding sites of Meloidogyne sp. in the vascular tissues.
Cross section of a root without Meloidogyne feeding sites.
Increased numbesr of cells around the infection site result in galled roots. Meloidogyne incognita on tomato.
Root forking caused by damage to the meristem of the root tip. Meloidogyne hapla on carrot.
Blisters on surface, with necrotic areas underneath, caused by Meloidogyne chitwoodi infection of potato tubers.
Expanding sweetpotato roots split as a result of Meloidogyne infection; split provides ingress for other organisms, including fungi and bacxteria.
The ring nematode, Mesocriconema xenoplax, predisposes Prunus spp. to bacterial canker by Pseudomonas syringae. The disease is often lethal to young trees.
Nematicide trial to control Meloidogyne incognita in tobacco (circa 1969).
Damage to sugarbeet roots by Heterodera schachtii results in patches of poor growth and wilting under moisture stress.
Ditylenchus dipsaci on alfalfa; shortened, swollen internodes, stunted plants.
Growth of cotton plants is compromised by Meloidogyne incognita infection, Also, plants are predisposed to fusarium wilt by the nematode. Plants are then unable to compete with weeds, resulting in severe crop losses.
Cherry: lack of vigor and death of branches resulting from root tip damage by Xiphinema americanum.
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Migratory endoparasites
Root cross section showing damage to the root cortex by the root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus sp.