Rhabditoidea
Angiostomatidae Blanchard, 1895
Revised 05/25/23
Obligate parasites of terrestrial molluscs. Definitive hosts are terrestrial molluscs (slugs and snails ),(12+ species of the genus) and amphibians and reptiles (4 species) (Ross et al., 2011).
Examples: genera Angiostoma and Aulachnema. Obligate parasites of the mollusc intestine, hepatopancreas, esophagus, buccal mass, crop, mantle cavity, salivary gland and pallial cavity .
Phylogenetic analyses using ribosomal genes have not been able to resolve the relationships between members of Angiostoma Dujardin, 1845 and Phasmarhabditis Andrassy,1976 (e.g. Nermut et al., 2017; Ivanova and Spiridonov, 2018), mitochondrial COI genes were proposed for this purpose by Singh et al. (2019), their actual potential becoming clear only once more data are collected (Ivanova and Spiridinov, 2022).
Ivanova, E.S. & Spiridonov, S.E. 2018. Angiostoma meets
Phasmarhabditis: a case of Angiostoma kimmeriense Korol & Spiridonov, 1991.
Russian Journal of Nematology 26: 77-85..
Ivanova, E.S., Spiridonov, S.E.
2022. Phasmarhabditis quinamensis sp. n. (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) from tropical
terrestrial gastropods in southern Vietnam. Nematology 24:225-239.
Ivanova, E.S., A.P. Geraskina and S. E. Spiridonov. 2020. Two new
species of Phasmarhabditis Andrassy, 1976
(Nematoda: Rhabditidae) associated with land snails in Northwest Caucasus,
Russian Federation: description and molecular affiliation. Nematology
22:179-197.
Nermut, J., Puža, V., Mekete, T. & Mracek, Z. 2017.
Phasmarhabditis bohemica n. sp. (Nematoda: Rhabditidae), a slug-parasitic
nematode from the Czech Republic. Nematology 19, 93-107. DOI:
10.1163/15685411-00003034
Ross, J.L., Haukeland, S., Hatteland, B.A., Ivanova, E.S., 2017. Angiostoma norvegicum n. sp. (Nematoda: Angiostomatidae) a parasite of arionid slugs in Norway. Syst Parasitol 94:51-63. DOI 10.1007/s11230-016-9674-4
Ross, J.L., Ivanova, E.S., Spiridonov, S.E., Waeyenberge, L., Moens, M., Nicol, G.W., Wilson, M.J. 2010. Molecular phylogeny of slug-parasitic nematodes inferred from 18S rRNA gene sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 55:738-743.
Ross, J.L., Malan, A.P., Ivanova, E.S. 2011. Angiostoma margaretae n. sp (Nematoda: Angiostomatidae), a parasite of the milacid slug Milax gagates Draparnaud collected near Caledon, South Africa. Syst Parasitol 79:71-76. DOI 10.1007/s11230-011-9294-y
Singh, P.R., Couvreur, M., Decraemer, W. & Bert, W. 2019. Survey of slug-parasitic nematodes in East and West Flanders, Belgium and description of Angiostoma gandavensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Angiostomidae) from arionid slugs. Journal of Helminthology 94, e25. DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X19000105
Van Luc, P., Spiridonov, S.E. & Wilson, M.J. 2005. Aulachnema monodelphis n. g., n. sp. and Angiostoma coloaense n. sp. (Nematoda: Rhabditida: Angiostomatidae) from terrestrial molluscs of Vietnam. Systematic Parasitology 60, 91-97.
Waki, T., Hino, A. & Umeda, K. 2018. Angiostoma namekuji n. sp. (Nematoda: Angiostomatidae) from terrestrial slugs on Oshiba Island in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. Systematic Parasitology 95, 913-920. DOI: 10.1007/s11230-018-9824-y