Heterodera graminophila

Heterodera graminophila	Contents	Rev 10/18/2023
	Classification	Hosts
	Morphology and Anatomy	Life Cycle
Return to Heterodera Menu	Economic Importance	Damage
	Distribution	Management
Return to Heteroderidae Menu	Feeding	References
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Classification:

Tylenchida
       Tylenchina
        Tylenchoidea
         Heteroderidae
          Heteroderinae

Heterodera graminophila Golden & Birchfield, 1972

A member of the Cyperi group of Heterodera spp.

Synonyms:

Review general characteristics of the genus Heterodera.

Morphology and Anatomy:

General Characteristics of the Cyperi Group of Heterodera

Cysts lemon-shaped or rounded
Ambifenestrate
Bullae absent or present
Underbridge bifurcate or absent
Vulval slit long
J2 incisures 3 or 4
Monocotyledonous hosts

(Handoo and Subbotin, 2018; Subbotin et al., 2010, Subbotin et al. 2023)

Females:

Cysta are abullate

Males:

Reported median body size for this species (Length mm; width micrometers; weight micrograms) - Click:

Distribution:

Reported from barnyard grass (Echiniocloa colonum) in Louisiana, USA; also from grass in Florida, USA.

Hosts:

Hosts of the Cyperi group of Heterodera spp. are usually monocotyledonous plants. Reported from barnyard grass (Echiniocloa colonum)

For an extensive host range list for this species, click

Life Cycle:

Ecophysiological Parameters:

For Ecophysiological Parameters for this species, click	If species level data are not available, click for genus level parameters

Management:

Host Plant Resistance, Non-hosts and Crop Rotation alternatives:

For plants reported to have some level of resistance to this species, click

References:

Golden, A.M., Birchfield, W. 1972. Heterodera graminophila n. sp. (Nematoda Heteroderae) from Grass with a Key to Closely Related Species. J. Nematology 4:147-154.

Handoo, Z.A., Subbotin, S.A. 2018. Taxonomy, identification and principal species. Chapter 15 in Perry, R.N. Moens, M., and Jones, J.T.(eds) Cyst Nematodes. CAB International.

Subbotin, S,A., Mundo-Ocampo, M., Baldwin, J.G. 2010. Systematics of Cyst Nematodes (Nematode: Heteroderinae). Nematology Monographs and Perspectives Volume 8B, D.J. Hunt and R.N. Perry (eds) Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands 512p

Subbotin, S.A., Roubtsova, T.V., Bostock, R.M., Maafi, Z.T., Chizhov, V.N., Palomares-Rius, J.E., Pablo Castillo, P. 2023. DNA barcoding, phylogeny and phylogeography of the cyst nematode species of the Schachtii group from the genus Heterodera (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae). Nematology (in press).