Bradynema		Contents		Rev: 06/27/2023
		Classification		Biology and Ecology
		Morphology and Anatomy		Life Cycle
Return to Bradynema Menu				Ecosystem Functions and Services
		Distribution		Management
Return to Allantonematidae Menu		Feeding		References
		Go to Nemaplex Main Menu		Go to Dictionary of Terminology

Classification:

Chromadorea

Chromadoria

Rhabditida

Tylenchina/Hexatylina

Sphaerularioidea

 Allantonematidae

       Bradynema zur Strassen, 1892

Type species of the genus: Bradynema rigidum (von Siebold, 1836) zur Strassen, 1892

    Synonyms:
     

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Morphology and Anatomy:

 Adult parasitic female:

• Size among species ranging from 1 to 12 mm length
• Cuticle absent; female apparently without functional intestine,  nutrients absorbed directly from the host haemocoel via microvilli or epidemal food canals (Riding, 1970)
• Female parsaitic stage lacks stylet or has vestigial stylet
• Pharynnx degenerate
• Parasitic female body becomes very large with wide body.
• Vulva subterminal
• Monodelphic witk long reflexed ovary.
• Saccate uterus containing eggs and juveniles
• Widely rounded tail. no mucron.

Free-living female:

• Body length 0.4 to 1 mm
• Stylet absent or vestigial
• Monodelphic, prodelphic.
• Vulva at 80-90% of body length.
• Well developed gonad which includes long usterus filled with sperm cells.
• Tail short, rounded or cylindroid

Free-living male :

• Similar size and shape as free-living female.
• Stylet either absent or vestigial
• Monorchic with well-developed testis conteining numerous sperm.
• Spicules paired, thin; gubernaculum present
• Bursa absent or present; peloderan whan present

Ref: Siddiqi, 2000; Zeng et al., 2007

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Distribution:

Internal parasites of arthropods. Species of Bradynema have bee reported in parasitic associations with dung beetles, long-horned beetles,water striders, water scorpions, water crickets, March flies, carrot weevils, Throcidae beetles and fleas (Zeng et al., 2007). Most have been reported from Europe and one species, B. listronoti, from Canada.

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Feeding:

Insect-parasitic nematodes, internal parasites of arthropods.

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Biology and Ecology:

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Life Cycle:

•  Juvenile nematodes leve the host arthropod via the rectum or during oviposition.

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Ecosystem Functions and Services:

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Management:

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References:

Riding, I. L. 1970. Microvilli on the outside of a nematode. Nature 226::179-180

Siddiqi, M. R. 2000. Tylenchida: Parasites of plants and insects, 2nd ed. Wallingford: CABI Publishing.

Zeng, Y., Giblin-Davis, R.M., Ye, W., Belair, G., Boivin, G., Thomas, W.K. 2022. Bradynema listronoti n. sp. (Nematoda: Allantonematidae), a parasite of the carrot weevil Listronotus oregonensis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Quebec, Canada. Nematology, 9: 609-623

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Copyright © 1999 by Howard Ferris.
Revised: June 27, 2023.