Hypodontolaimus antarcticus

Hypodontolaimus antarcticus	Contents	Rev: 01/04/2024
	Classification	Biology and Ecology
	Morphology and Anatomy	Life Cycle
Return to Hypodontolaimus Menu		Ecosystem Functions and Services
	Distribution	Management
Return to Hypodontolaimidae Menu	Feeding	References
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Classification:

Chromadorea
Chromadoria
Chromadorida
Hypodontolaimidae
Hypodontolaimus antarcticus Andrassy & Gibson, 2006

    Synonyms:

Morphology and Anatomy:

Large, fairly slender nematodes.
Cuticle very thin, < 1.5 um; finely striated. with striae narrowly interupted on both sides of body.
Somatic setae scarce, very short.
Labial region not offset, six lips, with minute papillae.; lips six, low, papillae minute. Four short cephalic setae
Body at posterior end of esophagus Body at posterior of esophagus about 2 times as wide as head.
Amphids transverse, rather inconspicuous.
Mouth cavity asymmetrical, supported by longitudinal rugae. Dorsal tooth hollow, powerful, S-shaped, A sclerotized plate-like thickening anterior to the tooth and on the dorsal wall of the stoma.
Esophagus occupying about 10% of body length., theanterior section forming a bulb-like swelling around the stoma which is much larger on the dorsal side. Rmainder of esophagus is narrow and weakly muscular with a pyriform basal bulb.
Excretory cell (ventral gland) oval, large, posteriorly accompanied by a small cell, and located 225â€“252 um from the anterior end of body. Excretoryâ€“secretory ampulla also large, located before esophagus bulb; excretory pore in mid-region of esophagus.
Rrectum straight, 1.2â€“1.5 ABD long

Hypodontolaimus antarcticus. A: Anterior; B Esophago-intestinal region. Bars = 20um

Drawings from Andrassy and Gibson, 2006

Females:

Body distinctly narrower posterior to vulva which is close to mid-body.
Didelphic, amphidelphic, ovaries reflexed.
Vulva transverse, with protruded lips; vagina narrow.
Oviparous
Tail arcuate, rather stout, slowly tapering, occupying 6.5â€“8.3% of body length.
Three large caudal glands present, posterior ampulla large with strongly sclerotized valve.
Spinneret wide, but quite short.

Ref: Andrassy and Gibson, 2006

Males:

Monorchis, testis outstretched, occupying 11â€“14% of body length.
Spermatozoa oval, fairly large,
Spicules strong, ventrally bent, tapering unevenly, 58â€“66 m about 1.5â€“2.0 times anal body diameter long, and distally forked.
Gubernaculum simple, almost straight,
Preanal supplements well developed, strongly sclerotized, cup-shaped, and 21â€“28 in number
Tail strongly curved or twisted ventrally, occupying 6.5â€“7.6% of body length
Three large caudal glands
Spinneret short and similar to that of female.

Reported median body size for this species (Length mm; width micrometers; weight micrograms) - Click:

Distribution:

Described from a microbial mat in Ace Lake, a saline lake in the Vestfold Hills, Princess Elizabeth Land, East Antarctica.

Life Cycle:

Ecophysiological Parameters:

For Ecophysiological Parameters for this species, click	If species level data are not available, click for genus level parameters

Ecosystem Functions and Services:

References:

Andrassy, I. 2005. Free-living Nematodes of Hungary, I (Nematoda errantia). Pedozoologica Hungarica 3. Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary. 518p.

Andrassy, I. and Gibson, J.A.E. 2006. Nematodes from saline and freshwater lakes of the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica, including the description of Hypodontolaimus antarcticus sp. n. Polar Biology DOI 10.1007/s00300-006-0224-4