Orthophallonema

Orthophallonema	Contents	Rev: 02/21/2024
	Classification	Biology and Ecology
	Morphology and Anatomy	Life Cycle
Return to Orthophallonema Menu		Ecosystem Functions and Services
	Distribution	Management
Return to Leptosomatidae Menu	Feeding	References
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Classification:

Enoplea
Enoplia Enoplida
Ironina
Ironoidea
Leptosomatidae: Leptosomatinae

Orthophallonema Bongers, 1983

Type species of the genus: Orthophallonema

Genus created to accommodate Leptosomatun ranjhai Timm, 1960 which no longer fit the redescription of the genus Leptosomatum (Bongers, 1983).

Type species of the genus: Orthophallonema ranjhai (Timm, 1960) Bongers, 1983

Synonyms:

Morphology and Anatomy:

Body long and slender.
Cephalic capsule weakly developed, posterior suture only slightly visible. \
No sexual dimorphism in structure of cephalic capsule nor of amphids; amphids cyathiform.
Internal circle (labial) of 6 sensilla intracuticular; external circle of 10 cephalic sensilla. D
DPGO into pharyngeal lumen; orifices of ventrosublateral pharyngeal glands on anterior end.
Ondontia and onchium absent.
Ocelli relatively far anterior; pigment granules diffuse, not forming a cup; lens-like body ill-defined.
Epidermal gland cells on ventral margin of lateral chord.
Dorsal loxometanemes-I present in both sexes; orthometanemes present only in males (?).
Caudal glands short, convoluted and mainly restricted to caudal region. and straight.

Male:

Diorchic, testes opposed and outstretched.
Gubernauculum simple, without appendices.
Pre-cloacal ventromedian supplement and subventral pre-cloacal sensilla present.
Spicula short and straight. Copulatory musculature prominent.

Female:

Amphidelphic, antidromic.

Ref: Bongers, 1983

Body size range for the species of this genus in the database - Click:

A male and female in the process of copulation were observed in one set of specimens. The posterior part of the male fully encircled the female in the vulvar region. Numerous flattish, round sperms, with a diameter of 6 tm could be observed in both uteri (Bongers, 1983).

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Life Cycle:

The presnece of eggs in utero that are in different stages of development suggest hat reproduction is continuous rather than seasonal. Note that all collections of thes genus are reported from tropical regions.

For Ecophysiological Parameters for this genus, click