Generally, a small number of genera and species reported from Australasia, Souith America and Vietnam.
Characterized by a flattened head and a laterally-oriented mouth opening, from which the family name is derived,.
Described usually as parasites of Diplopoda
(millipedes).
.Adamson, M.L., Vanwaerebeke. D. 1985. The Rhigonematida (Nematoda) of Diplopods : reclassification and its cladistic representation. Ann. Parasitol. Hum. Comp. 60:685-702.
Hunt, D.J. Luc, P.V., Spiridov, S.E. 2002. Bizarre Ichthyocephalidae (Nematoda: Rhigonematida) from Vietnam with description of Ichthyocephaloides comatus sp. n., Xystrognathus priscus gen. n., sp. n. and X. phrissus gen. n., sp. n.. Nematology 4:829-843.
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