Revised
01/19/26
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Animal parasitic species
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Small nematodes
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Parasites of skin, eyes, vascular systems and muscles of
vertebrates - mice and bats.
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Head without cuticular straition,
papillae or bristles.
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Dorsal esophageal gland large and
transformed into an osmo-regulatory cell which is connected to lateral
longitodinal excretory canals and discharges into the esophagus.
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Intestine is replaced by a trophosome as in the Mermithida.
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Vulva either functional and near
mid-body, or atrophied.
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Most genera are protandrous
hermaphrodites. However, in Pennisia males are present
although they lack spicules.
Ref: Spratt, 2013.
Spratt, D.M 2013. Muspiceida. In Andreas
Schmidt-Rhaesa (Ed) Nematoda
.