Family Tylopharyngidae

                                 Revised 01/27/26

Classification:

Phylum Nematoda

  Class Chromadorea

    Subclass Chromadoria

Order Rhabditida

Suborder Rhabditina

Superfamily Diplogastroidea

Tylopharyngidae Andrassy, 1984

The family was erected by Andrassy (1984) to accomodae the single genus, Tylopharynx. That genus has often been seen as indicative of the origins and relationships of Tylenchida  because of the apparent similarity of its stoma armature to the tylenchid stylet (Andrassy, 1984; Wu et al., 2001). Later studies by De Ley et al. (1993) suggested that there is no strong elationship between the stoma of Tylopharynx and the stylet of the Tylenchida.

Later, De Ley et al (1994) described the the unusual genus Aenigmenchus from the Galapagos Islands and added it to the family.

Characteristics:

Drawings of the head region of Tylopharynx (from Wu et al., 2001)

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References

Andrassy, I. 1984. Klasse Nematoda (Ordnungen Monhysterida, Desmoscolecida, Araeolaimida, Chromadorida, Rhabditida). Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag.

Andassy, I. (2005) Free-living Nematodes of Hungary, Part I. (Nematoda errantia). Hungarian Natural History Museum 518p.

De Ley, P. and Blaxter. M. 2002.  Systematic position and phylogeny.  In:  D. L. Lee (ed) The Biology of Nematodes.

De Ley, P. and Blaxter. M. 2004.  A new system for Nematoda: combining morphological characters with molecular trees, and translating clades into ranks and taxa.  Nematology Monographs and Perspectives, 2004: 633-653.

De Ley, P., Decraemer, W. & Eyualem-Abebe. (2006). Introduction, summary of present knowledge and research addressing the ecology and taxonomy of freshwater nematodes. Pp 3-30 in Eyualem-Abebe, Andrássy, I. & Traunspurger, W. (Eds). Freshwater Nematodes, Ecology and Taxonomy. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK.

De Ley, P., A. T. De Grisse, M. C. Van de Velde, and A. Coomans. 1993. Ultrastructure of the stoma in Tylopharynx. Mededelingen Fakulteit Landbouwwetenschappen Universiteit Gent 58:763–777.

De Ley, P., A. Coomans, and E. Geraert. 1994. Terrestrial nematodes of the Gala´pagos archipelago. 3. Aenigmenchus floreanae gen.n., sp.n., a puzzling new secernentean (Diplogasterida: Tylopharyngidae?). Fundamental and Applied Nematology 17:339–346.

Wu, J., P. De Ley, Y. Liang. 2001 Description of a New Species of the Genus Tylopharynx (Nemata: Diplogasteroidea), T. clariamphida sp. n., with a Redescription of T. foetida (Butschli, 1874) Goffart, 1930. J. Nematology 33:83-90.

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