Chambersiellidae

Diagnosis Variously placed in superfamilies Rhabditoidea or Cahmbersielloidea or Panagrolaimoidea Lip region with or without six cephalic cirri; with a circlet of six prominent horn-shaped or hair-like setae, or large mammeliform papillae. Cheilorhabdions distinct. Anterior part of stoma spacious, posterior part narrowing to esophageal lumen, and surrounded by esophageal tissue. Esophagus without a distinct median bulb. but slightly swollen at the base of corpus; terminal bulb valvate. Females with one or two ovaries, at times with postvulvar uterine branch. Type genus-Chambersiella Cobb, 1920.
Key to Subfamilies and Genera of Chambersiellidae 1. Posterior stomatorhabdions greatly elongated, forming a narrow vase-like structure......Chambersiellinae........2 Posterior stomatorhabdions greatl reduced, not forming a narrow vase-like structure.....Macrolaiminae., single genus Macrolaimus 2. Cephalic cirri present....................................................................................................................................3 Cephalic cirri absent.....................................................................................................................................4 3. Ovary single, panagrolaimoid......................................................................................Chambersiella Cobb, 1920 Ovaries paired............................................................................................................Geraldius Sanwal, 1971 4. Ovary single, panagrolaimoid.......................................................................................Diastolaimus Rahm, 1928 Ovaries paired.............................................................................................................Santafea Massey, 1963 From Sanwal, 1971
Nematodes in the Chambersiellidae are frequently reported in association with bark beetles. The relationships are probably phoretic in that the nematodes are transported from tree to tree or to insect galleries by the beetles. In a 1978 description of Bicirronema as a member of the family, Andrassy, 1978 proposed the following structure: Fam. Chambersiellidae Thorne, 1937 Subfam. Chambersiellinae Thorne, 1937 Chambersiella Cobb, 1920 Geraldius Sanwal, 1971 Subfam. Bicirronematinae n. subfam. (Later elevaed to family level by DeLey, 1997) Bicirronema n. gen. Subfam. Macrolaiminae Sanwal, 1971 Diastolaimus Rahm, 1928 Syn. Sanfafea Massey, 1963 ï Macrolaimellus Andrassy, 1966 Macrolainus Maupas, 1900 Syn. Seleneella Rahm, 1932 By 1997, De Ley had elevated the subfamily Bicirronematinae to family level: Bicirronematidae. The Chambersiellidae and Bicirronematidae history seems to go like this: Rahm, 1928 described Diastolaimus papillatus Goodey, 1951 synonymized Diastolaimus with Macrolaimus so it became Macrolaimus papillatus Thorne, 1937 established Chambersiellinae as a subfamily of Cephalobidae. Sanwal, 1957 removed Chambersiellinae from Cephalobidae and elevated it to Chambersiellidae Sanwal. 1957 separated Diastolaimus from Macrolaimus and transferred Diastolaimus to Chambersiellidae Massey, 1963 added Santafea and Macrolaimus to Chambersiellidae Sanwal 1971 transferred Chambersiella bakeri to a new genus Geraldius Sanwal, 1971 grouped Chambersilella, Geraldius, Santafea and Diastolaimus into the Chambersiellinae based on the shape and structure of the stoma and Macrolaimis to the Macrolaiminae Andrassy, 1978 created Bicirronematidae as a subfamily of Chambersiellidae and included Bicirronema. Tricirronema and Trualaimus De Ley 1997 elevated Bicorronematinae to Bicrirronematidae Accepting the removal of the Bicirronematinae, we follow Andrássy (1984) and Andrássy (2005) in recognizing the genera Catoralaimellus Siddiqi, 2002, Chambersiella Cobb, 1920, Cornilaimus Truskova & Eroshenko, 1977, and Geraldius Sanwal, 1971 in the subfamily Chambersiellinae and the genera Diastolaimus Rahm, 1928, Macrolaimellus Andrássy, 1966 and Macrolaimus Maupas, 1900 in the Macrolaiminae.
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Family Chambersiellidae

Classification:

Morphology and Anatomy: