Rev 10/17/2023
Tylenchida Tylenchina Tylenchoidea Heteroderidae Ataloderinae
Heterodera koreana (Vovlas, Lamberti & Choo, 1992) Mundo-Ocampo, Troccoli, Subbotin, Cid, Baldwin & Inserra, 2008.
A member of the Afenestrata group of Heterodera spp.
Synonyms: Afenestrata koreana Vovlas, Lamberti & Choo, 1992
General Characteristics of the Afenestrata Group of Heterodera
Cysts lemon-shaped to rounded Fenestration absent Bullae absent Underbridge weak or absent Vulval slit long J2 incisures 3 or 4 Monocotyledonous hosts
(Handoo and Subbotin, 2018; Subbotin et al., 2010, Subbotin et al. 2023)
.
Males:
Juveniles:
[Ref: Luc, Maggenti & Fortuner, (1988).]
Reported median body size for this species (Length mm; width micrometers; weight micrograms) - Click:
Atalodera koreana, was detected in Florida in fishpole bamboo, Phyllostachys aurea, propagated from plant material from the Far East.
Nurse cell system: A multinucleate syncytium.
The syncytium originated from an endodermal cells, pericyclic and phloematic vascular parenchyma and xylem elements.
Syncytium cell walls thickened and have cell wall protuberances.
Internal walls of the syncytium perforated and fragmented.
Syncytia have enlarged nuclei and nucleoli.
Syncytia induced by Atalodera koreana in fishpole bamboo are similar those induced by Atalodera spp. and by Punctodera chalcoensis in corn.
Inserra et al. (1999).
Hosts of the Afenestrata group of Heterodera spp. are usually monocotyledonous plants. Edible bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens).
Fishpole bamboo, Phyllostachys aurea, is a new host record for Atalodera koreana.
Reported from Phyllostachys pubescence, P. aurea, and P. nigra from South Korea and the United States, and P. nigra from Iran (Maafi and Taheri, 2015).
Ecophysiological Parameters:
Both vermiform and swollen juveniles of Atalodera koreana have semiendoparasitic habits like the adult females. Posterior of the body protrudes from the root surface.
Females produced masses of up to 35 eggs. At the end of the life cycle, these females became light brownish cysts.
All eggs hatched in moist (22%) soil at 22 C after 4 months.
Handoo, Z.A., Subbotin, S.A. 2018. Taxonomy, identification and principal species. Chapter 15 in Perry, R.N. Moens, M., and Jones, J.T.(eds) Cyst Nematodes. CAB International.
Inserra, R. N.; Vovlas, N.; Lehman, P. S. 1999. Parasitism of fishpole bamboo roots by Afenestrata koreana. Nematropica 29:105-111.
Luc, Maggenti & Fortuner, Rev. Nematol. 11(2):159-176 (1988).
Maafi,Z.T., Zahra Majd Teri. 201 First Report of Korean Cyst Nematode, Heterodera koreana, Parasitic on Bamboo, Phyllostachys nigra, from Iran. J. Nematology 47:167-16
Mundo-Ocampo, M., Troccoli, A., Subbotin, S.A., Cid, J.D., Baldwin, J.G., Inserra, R.N. 2008. Synonymy of Afenestrata with Heterodera supported by phylogenetics with molecular and morphological characterisation of H. koreana comb. n. and H. orientalis comb. n. (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae). Nematology 10:611-632.
Subbotin, S,A., Mundo-Ocampo, M., Baldwin, J.G. 2010. Systematics of Cyst Nematodes (Nematode: Heteroderinae). Nematology Monographs and Perspectives Volume 8B, D.J. Hunt and R.N. Perry (eds) Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands 512p
Subbotin, S.A., Roubtsova, T.V., Bostock, R.M., Maafi, Z.T., Chizhov, V.N., Palomares-Rius, J.E., Pablo Castillo, P. 2023. DNA barcoding, phylogeny and phylogeography of the cyst nematode species of the Schachtii group from the genus Heterodera (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae). Nematology (in press).