Hylonema ivorense

Hylonema ivorense	Contents	Rev 09/05/2023
	Classification	Hosts
	Morphology and Anatomy	Life Cycle
Return to Hylonema Menu	Economic Importance	Damage
	Distribution	Management
Return to Heteroderidae Menu	Feeding	References
	Go to Nemaplex Main Menu	Go to Dictionary of Terminology

Classification:

Tylenchida
       Tylenchina
        Tylenchoidea
         Heteroderidae
          Ataloderinae

Hylonema ivorense Luc, Taylor & Cadet, 1978

Synonyms:

Morphology and Anatomy:

Females:

No cyst stage.
Body long ovoid to globose with prominent neck and no terminal cone.
Cuticle thin and annulated only in anterior fore end; posteriorly thick, rugose, with non-oriented striae. No subcrystalline layer.
Vulva subterminal, on flattened posterior body end; vulva lips not protruding. Underbridge present.
No phasmids.
No remnant of tail.
Eggs not retained in female body, but deposited individually in a gelatinous matrix.

Juveniles:

Lateral field with three lines.
Esophageal glands filling body cavity.
Tail long, elongate with a very long, terminal, hyaline portion.
Phasmids punctiform, small.

Males:

Body twisted.
Lateral field with four lines.
Spicules strong, nearly straight, less than 30Ã¯Â¿Â½m long;
Cloacal tubus short, nearly terminal.
No tail.
No caudal alae.
No phasmids.

Reported median body size for this species (Length mm; width micrometers; weight micrograms) - Click:

Distribution:

Dsecribed from galls on the roots of an avodire tree (Turraeanthus africana) from a tropical rainforest in Ivory Coast

Feeding:

Feeding site in root a nurse cell system: a single, giant cell with a single, giant nucleus. Forms galls on roots.

Hosts:

For an extensive host range list for this species, click

Life Cycle:

Reported from tropical rainforst tree (Turraeanthus africana) (Luc et al., 1978)

Rice reported as a non-host (Coyne et al., 1999)

Ecophysiological Parameters:

For Ecophysiological Parameters for this species, click	If species level data are not available, click for genus level parameters

Management:

Host Plant Resistance, Non-hosts and Crop Rotation alternatives:

For plants reported to have some level of resistance to this species, click

Coyne, D.L., Thio, B., Plowright, R.A. & Hunt, D.J. 1999 Observations on the community dynamics of plant parasitic nematodes of rice in Cï¿½te dï¿½Ivoire. Nematology, 1:433-441. https://doi.org/10.1163/156854199508324

Ghaderi, R. 2019. An outline on distribution and hosts of the cystoid nematodes of Ataloderinae Wouts, 1973 and Meloidoderinae Golden, 1971. Zootaxa 4664:: 339ï¿½350 https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/

Luc, M., DP Taylor, P Cadet. 1978 escription of new tropical Heteroderidae, Hylonema ivorense n. gen., n. sp., and a new outlook on the family Heteroderidae (Nematoda : Tylenchida). Revue de Nematologie 1:73-86.

Taylor, D.P., P Cadet. M. Luc. 1978 An unique host-parasite relationship between Hylonema ivorense .(Nematoda : Heteroderidae) and the roots of a tropical rainforest tree. Revue de Nematologie 1:99-108.