Hylonema ivorense

Hylonema ivorense	Contents	Rev 09/15/2020
	Classification	Hosts
	Morphology and Anatomy	Life Cycle
Return to Hylonema Menu	Economic Importance	Damage
	Distribution	Management
Return to Heteroderidae Menu	Feeding	References
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Classification:

Tylenchida
       Tylenchina
        Tylenchoidea
         Heteroderidae
          Ataloderinae

Hylonema ivorense Luc, Taylor & Cadet, 1978

Synonyms:

Morphology and Anatomy:

Females:

No cyst stage.
Body long ovoid to globose with prominent neck and no terminal cone.
Cuticle thin and annulated only in anterior fore end; posteriorly thick, rugose, with non-oriented striae. No subcrystalline layer.
Vulva subterminal, on flattened posterior body end; vulva lips not protruding. Underbridge present.
No phasmids.
No remnant of tail.
Eggs not retained in female body, but deposited individually in a gelatinous matrix.

Juveniles:

Lateral field with three lines.
Esophageal glands filling body cavity.
Tail long, elongate with a very long, terminal, hyaline portion.
Phasmids punctiform, small.

Males:

Body twisted.
Lateral field with four lines.
Spicules strong, nearly straight, less than 30Ã¯Â¿Â½m long;
Cloacal tubus short, nearly terminal.
No tail.
No caudal alae.
No phasmids.

Reported median body size for this species (Length mm; width micrometers; weight micrograms) - Click:

Distribution:

Dsecribed from galls on the roots of an avodire tree (Turraeanthus africana) from a tropical rainforest in Ivory Coast

Feeding:

Feeding site in root a nurse cell system: a single, giant cell with a single, giant nucleus. Forms galls on roots.

Hosts:

For an extensive host range list for this species, click

Life Cycle:

Ecophysiological Parameters:

For Ecophysiological Parameters for this species, click	If species level data are not available, click for genus level parameters

Management:

Host Plant Resistance, Non-hosts and Crop Rotation alternatives:

For plants reported to have some level of resistance to this species, click

Luc, M., DP Taylor, P Cadet. 1978 escription of new tropical Heteroderidae, Hylonema ivorense n. gen., n. sp., and a new outlook on the family Heteroderidae (Nematoda : Tylenchida). Revue de Nematologie 1:73-86.

Taylor, D.P., P Cadet. M. Luc. 1978 An unique host-parasite relationship between Hylonema ivorense .(Nematoda : Heteroderidae) and the roots of a tropical rainforest tree. Revue de Nematologie 1:99-108.