Pterotylenchus cecidogenus

Pterotylenchus cecidogenus	Contents	Rev 11/30/2022
	Classification	Hosts
	Morphology and Anatomy	Life Cycle
Return to Pterotylenchus Menu	Economic Importance	Damage
	Distribution	Management
Return to Anguinidae Menu	Feeding	References
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Classification:

Tylenchida Tylenchina Tylenchoidea
Anguinidae
Pterotylenchus cecidogenus Siddiqi & Lenne, 1984

Type species of the genus
Synonyms:

Morphology and Anatomy:

Pterotylenchus is close to Ditylenchus in its general appearance, its esophagus is similar to some species of Ditylenchus that were formerly classified as Nothotylenchus and Orrina.
The ovary differs from Ditylenchus mostly in the columned uterus, similar to Subanguina, and the presence of cuticular vulval flaps; this is the only known genus in Anguinidae which has vulval flaps.
Pterotylenchusis is similar to Orrina in general motphology but differes in lacking a median esophageal bulb and in the presence of vulval flaps.

Females:

Cuticle and subcuticle finely annulated; annules 0.8-1.1 um wide. Lateral fields about 20% of body diam, with four incisures, inner two close together.
Cephalic region 5.5-6 um wide by 2-4.5 um high.
Stylet with conus about half its length; basal knobs small, rounded,
DEGO dorsal gland about 2 um behind stylet base.
Esophageal corpus 61-64 um long, with a slight swelling posteriorly where subventral glands open,
Isthmus slender, gradually enlarging to an elongate basal bulb; dorsal gland extending for about one body-width over intestine subdorsally and laterally.
Nerve ring at middle of isthmus.
Excretory pore at about base of isthmus.
Deirid just behind level of excretory pore.
Vulva about half body diam long; partially covered by large cuticular flaps
Crustaformeria of 32-36 cells in four rows followed by a valvula and then a collapsed and empty spermatheca of 24 cells
Ovary with oocytes in one or two rows, reaching near to esophageal base.
Post-vulval uterine sac 12-25 um long, empty.
Rectum shorter than anal body diam.
Tail elongate-conoid to a sharply pointed tip, nearly as long as vulva-anus distance

Cuticular flaps partly covering the vulva of Pterotylenvhus cecidogenus
Scanning elecron micrograph from Siddiqi and Lenne (1984)
Scale bar = 5um

Reported median body size for this species (Length mm; width micrometers; weight micrograms) - Click:

Distribution:

First reported from CIAT in Carimagua, Colombia.

Economic Importance:

The type host, Desmodium ovaliforlium is a tropical pasture legume.

Feeding:

The nematode forms galls om stems of the host.

Hosts:

Desmodium ovalifolium is the type host. of P. cecidogenus. Many cultivars produced by CIAT are susceptible, to P. cecidogenus, but several are resistant (Stanton et al., 1990).

For an extensive host range list for this species, click

Life Cycle:

Males have not been found and sperm has not been seen in the spermatheca. Reptoduction in the species is probably parthenogenetic.

Ecophysiological Parameters:

For Ecophysiological Parameters for this species, click	If species level data are not available, click for genus level parameters

The stem galls are not easily detectable; they form at nodes and divisions in the stem. The galls cause considerable disruption of the vascular system and eventually to death of the plants.(Siddiqi and Lenne, 1984).

Arrows point to galls caused by Pterotylenvhus cecidogenus on stems of Desmodium ovalifoliun
Photograph froSiddiqi and Lenne ( 1984)

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Management:

Host Plant Resistance, Non-hosts and Crop Rotation alternatives:

For plants reported to have some level of resistance to this species, click

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References:

Fortuner and Maggenti, 1987. Rev. Nematol. 10(2):163-176.

Siddiqi, M.R. and Lenne, J.M. 1984. Pterotylenchus cecidogenus n. gen., n. sp., a New Stem-gall Nematode Parasitizing Desmodium ovalifolium in Colombia. J. Nematol. 16:62-65

Stanton, J. M., C. A. Garcia and C. Torres. 1990. Resistance and tolerance of Desmodium of ovalifolium to tanton, J. M., C. A. Garcia and C. Torres. 1990. Resistance and tolerance of Desmodium of ovalifolium to PPterotylenchus cecidogenus, the stem gall nematode. Nematologica 36:424-433.