Trophotylenchulus arenarius

 

Contents

 

Rev 01/14/2025

  Classification Hosts
Morphology and Anatomy Life Cycle

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Economic Importance Damage
Distribution Management
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Classification:

Chromadorea
       Rhabditida
       Tylenchina
Tylenchuloidea
         Tylenchulidae
   Tylenchulinae

          Trophotylenchulus arenarius (Raski, 1956) Siddiqi, 1999

    Synonyms:

     Sphaeronema arenarium Raski, 1956

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Morphology and Anatomy:

.

 See  general characteristics of the genus Trophotylenchulus

Female:

  • Body obese particularly between pharynx and vulva,  tapering towards both ends, strongly ventrally curved.
  • Cuticule annulated; lateral field.
  • Cephalic region hemispherical continuous with body contour, without perioral disc or transverse annuli; cephalic framework is slightly sclerotized.
  • Stylet strong, conusabout as long as shaft, basal knobs round, slightly sloping backward, about 3 um diam.
  • DEGO is situated at 3.5 to 5.0 um posterior stylet knobs.
  • Procorpus amalgamated with median bulb which has elongate-oval  valvular apparatus; median bulb is 14 to 23 um in width; basal bulb pyriform.
  • Isthmus is short and narrow; nerve ring at anterior end of isthmus.
  •  Excretory pore at end of isthmus at about 18-25% of body length) at the end of isthmus; duct with wide lumen leads backward to a large renette cell.
  • Monodelphic-prodelphic. Ovary well developed, outstretched without flexures, reaching basal pharyngeal  bulb; short post-vulval sac present.
  • Spermatheca round with slightly oval sperm cells; t. V
  • Vulva a transverse slit flush with body, without cuticular flaps, at 89 to 114 um anterior to tail terminus.
  • Vagina is perpendicular with body or directed anteriorly.
  • Anus distinct with raised lips.
  • Tail  arch-shaped, curved ventrally with a finely- to bluntly-rounded terminus
Trophotylenchulus arenarius A.Entire female; F; Anterior of male
Drawings from Mirbabael et al., 2019

Male: 

  • Bodyvermiform, open C-shaped after fixation.
  • Cuticular annuli are 1.4 um apart at mid-body, lateral field indistinct, .
  • Cephalic region rounded, without perioral disc or transverse annuli.
  • Stylet and pharynx are reduced; median and basal pharyngeal bulbs indistinct,
  • Monorchic, testis outstretched.
  •  Spicules slightly arcuate ventrally, protruded.
  • Gubernaculum short and simple, trough-shaped in lateral view.
  • Tail elongate-conical, with a terminal projection.

Ref: Mirbabael et al., 2019

 

Reported median body size for this species (Length mm; width micrometers; weight micrograms) - Click:

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Distribution:

Redescribed from two populatios from southwestern Iran, one from willow (Salix babylonica) and one from a canebrake (a thicket of grasses)...

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Economic Importance:

 

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Feeding:

 

 

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Hosts:

 

For an extensive host range list for this species, click

 

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Life Cycle:

Ecophysiological Parameters:

For Ecophysiological Parameters for this species, click If species level data are not available, click for genus level parameters

 

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Damage:

 

 

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Management:

Host Plant Resistance, Non-hosts and Crop Rotation alternatives:

For plants reported to have some level of resistance to this species, click

 

 

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References:

Ghaderi, R., Geraert, E., Karegar, A. 2016. TheTylenchulidae of the World. Acadewmia Press, Ghent, Belgium

Mirbabael, H., Eskandari, A., Ghaderi, R., Karegar, A. 2019. , On the synonymy of Trophotylenchulus asoensis and T. okamotoi with T. arenarius, and intra-generic structure of Paratylenchus (Nematoda: Tylenchulidae). J. Nematol. 51: DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2019-078

Raski, D. J. 1956. Sphaeronema arenarium, n. sp. (Nematoda: Criconematidae), a nematode parasite of Salt Rush, Juncus leseurii Boland. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 23:75-77.

Siddiqi, M.R.  1994. Nematodes of tropical rainforests 3. Three new genera and five new species of tylenchs. Afro-Asian J. Nematology 4:22-31.
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Copyright © 1999 by Howard Ferris.
Revised: January 14, 2025.