Afrina

 

Contents

 

Rev 09/11/2023

  Classification Hosts
Morphology and Anatomy Life Cycle
Return to Afrina Menu Economic Importance Damage
Distribution Management
Return to Anguinidae Menu Feeding  References
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Classification:

      Tylenchida
       Tylenchina
        Tylenchoidea
         Anguinidae

          Afrina Brzeski, 1981

Type species of the genus: Afrina tumefaciens Brzeski, 1981

Sometimes considered a junior synonym of Subanguina or Anguina

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Morphology and Anatomy:

  • Mature females swollen.
  • Median bulb with refractive thickenings.
  • Isthmus separated by a constriction from terminal bulb.
  • Crustaformeria formed by four rows of cells, fourteen cells in a row.
  • Testes often with two flexures.
  • Tail of both sexes conical, tail t.ip mucronate.
  • Bursa notched at he post,erior end, almost reaches tail tip but does net enclose mucro.
  • Forms galls on leaves of grasses.

Type species A. hyparrheniae (Corbett, 1966) Brzeski, 1981 syn. Anguina hyparrheniae Corbett, 1966

Ref: Brzeski, 1981

The main difference between Afrina and other genera in the subfamily Anguininae, particularly the genus Anguina, is that the crustaformeria of the female gonad in Afrina consists of four rows with 14 cells per row while in Anguina species there are 6 to 12 rows with 20 to 60 cells per row (Brzeski, 1981). Brzeski indicated that the tail of Afrina is mucronate in both sexes and certainly there seems to be a fine point or projection.  Also, he considered the the male bursa is lobed; however, that distinction does not appear in the descripions of several of the species.

Andrassy (2007) considered the Afrina to be a junior synonym of Subanguina, but that synonymy has not been generally accepted.



Body size range for the species of this genus in the database - Click:
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Distribution:

The genus is reported from Africa, Asia, Australia, and North America.

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Economic Importance:

Afrina wevelli induces galls on the seeds of the forage grass Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees in South Africa and is a problem for the grass seed export industry.

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Feeding:

 

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Hosts:

 
For an extensive host range list for this genus, click
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Life Cycle:

For Ecophysiological Parameters for this genus, click 
 
The infective stage is the second-stage juvenile.
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Damage:

Species in this genus induce the formation of galls in seeds, stems, and leaves of grasses in the subfamilies Panicoideae and Chloridoideae of the Poaceae (Barrantes-Infante et al., 2018).

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Management:

 

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References:

Andrassy, I. 2007. Free-living Nematodes of Hungary Vol II.Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest. 496p.

Barrantes-Infante, B.L.,Schroeder, B.K., Subbotin, S.A. and Murray, T.D. 2018. Afrina sporoboliae sp. n. (Nematoda: Anguinidae) Associated with Sporobolus cryptandrus from Idaho, United States: Phylogenetic Relationships and Population Structure. Phytopathology 108:768-779.

Brzeski, M. W. 1981. The genera of Anguinidae (Nematoda, Tylenchida). Rev. Nematol. 4:23-34.

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Copyright  1999 by Howard Ferris.
Revised: September 11, 2023.