Afrina hyparrheniae		Contents		Rev 07/25/2022
		Classification		Hosts
		Morphology and Anatomy		Life Cycle
Return to Afrina Menu		Economic Importance		Damage
		Distribution		Management
Return to Anguinidae Menu		Feeding		References
		Go to Nemaplex Main Menu		Go to Dictionary of Terminology

Classification:

      Tylenchida
       Tylenchina
        Tylenchoidea

        Anguinidae

          Afrina hyparrheniae (Corbett, 1966) Brzeski, 1981

  

  Synonyms:
     

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Morphology and Anatomy:

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Distribution:

Reported from Malawi in inflorescences of Hyparrhenia collina and other Hyparrhenia spp.

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Economic Importance:

Seed gall nematodes are quarantine pests in many countries.

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Feeding:

Ectoparasitic on young leaves and endoparasites in developing seed galls.

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Hosts:

Seed galls with female nematodes occurred in 6 species of Hyparrhenia.

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Life Cycle:

• Seed gall soften and swell when placed in water.  Second stage juveniles emerge in 20-30 minutes.
• Eggs and juveniles remained viable in seed galls afetr 17 months of storage.
• Emerged juveniles coiled wjen allowed to dry and were still alive after at least a week when returned to water.
• Juveniles feed on growing points of young leaves, causing leaves to crinkle at the edges. Juveniles invade developing flowers and adults and eggs were detected in ovaries of flowers before they emerged from ensheathing leaves (Corbett, 1966).
• Second stage juveniles are the infective stage

Some galls with adults and viable eggs did not contain males, so the function of males is uncertain.

Ecophysiological Parameters:

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Damage:

Inflorescences of Hyparrhenia become clumped together to form a "witches broom". Early nsymptoms are crinking along at edges of young leaves, then internodes in inflorescence become shortened and number of flowers increases. Developing seeds in inflorescences become small, brownish-green seed galls, much smaller than healthy seeds (Corbett, 1966).
	Healthy inflorescence of Hyparrhenia (left), infected (right) Image from Corbett (1966)

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Management:

Host Plant Resistance, Non-hosts and Crop Rotation alternatives:

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References:

Brzeski, M. W. 1981. The genera of Anguinidae (Nematoda, Tylenchida). Rev. Nematol. 4:23-34

Corbett, D.C.M. 1966. Central African nematodes III. Anguina hyparrheniae n.sp. associated with 'wioches' broom oh Hyparrhenia spp. Nematologica 12:280-286.

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Copyright 1999 by Howard Ferris.
Revised: July 25, 2022.