Angiostoma norvegicum

Angiostoma norvegicum	Contents	Rev 03/10/2024
	Classification	Biology and Ecology
	Morphology and Anatomy	Life Cycle
Return to Angiostoma Menu		Ecosystem Functions and Services
	Distribution	Management
Return to Angiostomatidae Menu	Feeding	References
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Rhabditoidea

Angiostomatidae

Angiostoma norvegicum Ross, Haukeland, Hatteland & Ivanova 2017

Synonyms:

Morphology and Anatomy:

Angiostoma norvegicum is characterized by:

its large size
the presence of: lateral alae;
large circular mouth aperture; a spacious stoma;
club-shaped pharynx with a basal bulb without valvular apparatus;
short conical tails in both sexes with tips supplied by 4 short, unequal denticles,
parasites of slugs of the genus Arion spp.

Female:

distal part of posterior ovary always outstretched; and anterior ovary distally nearly always outstretched;

Male:

long, nearly straight spicules
small gubernaculum;
three circumcloacal papillae; caudal genital papillae arranged in a pattern 1+2/3+3 with GP 5 and GP 8 opened on dorsal side ofbursa
bursa narrow, not reaching tail tip;

Ref: Ross et al., 2017

Reported median body size for this species (Length mm; width micrometers; weight micrograms) - Click:

Distribution:

Angiostoma norvegicum described from the esophagus, crop and the buccal mass of five species of slugs of the family Arionidae, (Arion vulgaris, Arion ater, Arion fasciatus, Arion fuscus and Arion rufus/Arion ater hybrid), collected throughout Norway.

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Feeding:

Gastro-intestinal parasite of slugs. Obseved in the esophagus, crop and the buccal mass of host slugs.

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Biology and Ecology:

The association between nematodes and terrestrial molluscs is poorly understood; however their host specificity, diversity of specialisations and mechanisms of infection, indicate that the affiliation of nematodes and molluscs is both ancient and widespread (Morand et al., 2004; Ross, et al., 2017).

Eight families of nematodes use terrestrial molluscs as definitive hosts: Agfidae, Alaninematidae, Alloionematidae, Angiostomatidae, Cosmocercidae, Diplogastridae, Mermithidae and Rhabditidae (Ross et al., 2016)

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Life Cycle:

Ecophysiological Parameters:

For Ecophysiological Parameters for this species, click	If species level data are not available, click for genus level parameters

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Ecosystem Functions and Services:

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Management:

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References:

Morand, S., Wilson, M. J., & Glen, D. M. 2004. Nematodes (Nematoda) parasitic in terrestrial gastropods. In: G. M. Barker (Ed.), Natural enemies of terrestrial molluscs. London, UK: CABI Publishing, pp. 525-557.

Ross, J.L., Ivanova, E.S., Spiridonov, S.E., Waeyenberge, L., Moens, M., Nicol, G.W., Wilson, M.J. 2010. Molecular phylogeny of slug-parasitic nematodes inferred from 18S rRNA gene sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 55:738-743.

Ross, J.L., Malan, A.P., Ivanova, E.S. 2011. Angiostoma norvegicum n. sp (Nematoda: Angiostomatidae), a parasite of the milacid slug Milax gagates Draparnaud collected near Caledon, South Africa. Syst Parasitol 79:71-76. DOI 10.1007/s11230-011-9294-y

Ross, J. L., Ivanova, E. S., Hatteland, B. A., Brurberg, M. B., and Haukeland, S. 2016. Survey of nematodes associated with terrestrial slugs in Norway. Journal of Helminthology, 90:682-587.

Ross, J.L., Haukeland, S., Hatteland, B.A., Ivanova, E.S., 2017. Angiostoma norvegicum n. sp. (Nematoda: Angiostomatidae) a parasite of arionid slugs in Norway. Syst Parasitol 94:51-63. DOI 10.1007/s11230-016-9674-4