Tripylina ixayocensis

  

Contents

  

Rev: 11/19/2019

  Classification Biology and Ecology
Morphology and Anatomy Life Cycle
Return to Tripylina Menu Ecosystem Functions and Services
Distribution Management
Return to Trischistomatidae Menu Feeding  References
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Classification:

Enoplea
    Enoplia
        Enoplida
            Tripylina
                 Tripyloidea
                    Trischistomatidae

Tripylina ixayocensis Cid del Prado-Vera, Ferris, Nadler & Lamothe-Argumedu, 2012

 
    Synonyms:
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Morphology and Anatomy:

Tripylina ixayocensis (female). A: Anterior end. B: Pharyngeo-intestinal junction. C: Vulva region. D: Tail.

from Cid del Prado et al., 2012

Female:

Body C-shaped in relaxed specimens.

Cuticle 1.0-2.0 μm thick, with fine transverse striation visible under SEM; a few somatic setae.

Body pores absent.

Lip region continuous with body contour, asymmetric, conoid and 22-25 μm wide.

Inner labial papillae conical, outer labial setae 13-17 μm long; cephalic setae
5-10 μm long, slightly posterior to the whorl of outer labial setae.

Oral aperture surrounded by three small lips.

Stoma with thickened dorsal wall: dorsal toothsmall, located at 15-22 μm from the anterior
end; subventral teeth 4-7 μm behind the dorsal tooth.

Amphid aperture circular, slightly posterior to the level of dorsal tooth.

Two cervical setae, located 23-85  μm and 68-132 μm from the anterior end.

Cardia 15-20μm long and 28-35 μm wide, with two pericardiac cells.

Distance from base of pharynx to vulva 518-792 μm, and
820-1291 μm to the anus.

Nerve ring at 91-122 μm and excretory pore at 120-170 μm from anterior end.

Genital system monodelphic-prodelphic, 141-264 μm long, ovary reflexed, vagina lacking sclerotized
structures.

Vulva with protruding lips and ornamented with fine grooves.

Tail curved ventrad in a spiral, with a pair of latero-dorsal setae, terminating in
a small spinneret.


Male:

 Unknown.

 

   
   

Reported median body size for this species (Length mm; width micrometers; weight micrograms) - Click:

 

 
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Distribution:

Type locality and habitat: México, México state, Texcoco. in a forested area of San Pablo Ixayoc, altitude 2588 meters a.s.l. (N19º 28.114’, W98º 47.254’), in moss on
trunk of oak tree Quercus peduncularis. 

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Feeding:

Nematodes of the family Tripylidae are generalist predators of small aquatic and soil organisms. Many authors have commented on the freshwater and
wet soil in which these nematodes are found, and on the nature of their prey based on observation of intestinal contents or from behavior. Among the recorded prey, as reviewed and collated by Small (1987), are nematodes, rotifers and protozoa (Cid del Prado et al., 2012). 

Nematodes in the Tripylidae attach to soil particles or other substrate via adhesive material extruded from the caudal glands through the spinneret.  Thus anchored, the body moves quite reapidly in water films, sometimes thrashing vigorously.  This behavior has at least three possible purposes: 1. to make tactile contact with prey organisms, 2. to create currents that stir up the sediment and potential prey organisms settled therein, and 3. to anchor the nematode in currents of moving water.

Interestingly similar attachment and feeding behavior occurs in other nematode groups  that, based on most characters, appear to be only distantly related.  For example, the generalist predators of the Tripylidae are in the Class Enoplea, Subclass Enoplia, Order Enoplida, the specialist predators of other nematodes in the Mononchidae are in the Class Enoplea, Subclass Dorylaimia, Order Mononshida, while the bacterivorous Plectidae are in the Class Chromadorea, Subclass Chromadoria, Order Plectida, according to the phylogeny proposed by De Ley and Blaxter, (2002, 2004).

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Biology and Ecology:

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Life Cycle:

 

Ecophysiological Parameters:

For Ecophysiological Parameters for this species, click If species level data are not available, click for genus level parameters
 
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Ecosystem Functions and Services:

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Management:

 
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References:

Brzeski, M.W. (1965): On the identity off TrischistomaCobb andd TripylinaTripylina Brzeski. Nematologica 11:449.

Cid del Prado, I., H. Ferris and S.A. Nadler. 2010. Soil inhabiting nematodes of the genera Trischistoma, Tripylina and Tripyla from México and the USA with descriptions of new species. Journal of Nematode Morphology and Systematics 13-28-49.

 Cid del Prado Vera, I., Ferris, H., Nadler, S.A., Lamothe Argumedo, R. 2012.Four new species of Tripylina Brzeski, 1963 (Enoplida: Tripylidae) from México, with an emended diagnosis of the genus.  Journal of Nematode Morphology and Systematics 15: 71-86.

Small, R.W. 1987. A review of the prey of predatory soil nematodes. Pedobiologia, 30: 179-206.
 
Copyright © 1999 by Howard Ferris.
Revised: November 19, 2019.