Chrysonema attenuatum

Chrysonema attenuatum	Contents	Rev 04/11/2023
	Classification	Biology and Ecology
	Morphology and Anatomy	Life Cycle
Return to Chrysonema Menu		Ecosystem Functions and Services
	Distribution	Management
Return to Chrysonematidae Menu	Feeding	References
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Classification:

Enoplea

Dorylaimia
Dorylaimida

Chrysonematidae

Chrysonematinae

Chrysonema attenuatum (De Man, 1880) Loof 1994

Synonyms:

Dorlaimus attenuatus De Man, 1880

Mesodorlaimus attenuatus (De Man, 1880) Andrassy, 1959

Dorylaimus holsaticus Schneider, 1925

Chrysonemoides holsaticus (Schneider, 1925) Siddiqi, 1969

Chrysonema holsaticum (Schneider, 1925) Andrassy, 1990

Dorylaimus tenuissimus Stefansky, 1925

Morphology and Anatomy:

Body ventrally curved, C-shaped upon fixation.
Cuticle finely striated,
Lateral chords about one-fifth of body width at mid-body. Lateral, dorsal and ventral body pores indistinct.
Lip region continuous with the body contour, slightly expanded, about 2.5 times as wide as high and about 40% as wide as body width at neck base. Lips amalgamated; labial papillae not protruding above lip contour.
Amphids cup-shaped, their aperture about half of the corresponding body width,
Odontostyle slender, attenuated, about as long as lip region width, its aperture about 18% of its length. Stoma thickened into a bulbous spear guide. Guiding ring at about half lip region width from anterior end.
Odontophore simple, rod-like, about 1.3 times the odontostyle length.
Nerve ring at 28% of neck length from anterior end.
Expanded part of pharynx occupying about 50% of total neck length; expansion gradual. Cardia short, bluntly conoid.
Pharyngeal gland nuclei and their orifices located as follows: DO = 52; DN = 56; DO-DN = 4.0; S1 N1 = 79; S1 N2 = 84; S2 N = 92; S2 O = 94.

Ref: Ahmad and Shaheen, 2005

Female:

Diovarial, amphidelphic; ovaries reflexed
Vulva trnsverse; vulval lips not sclerotized.
Tail elongate conoid, ventrally arcuate.

Chrysonema attenuatum: B: Entire male; C: Female anterior; D: Female anterior, amphid; E: expanded region of female esophagus; F: Female anterior gonmad.
Modified from Ahmad and Shaheen, 2005

Males:

Male with an adcloacal pair an 6 irregularly ventromedian spaced supplements.
Spicules dorylaimoid,
Tail elongate conoid, ventrally arcuate.

Reported median body size for this species (Length mm; width micrometers; weight micrograms) - Click:

Aquatic or semi-aquatic habitats. Species originally described from Terschelling Islansd, The Netherlands. Also identified from rotten leaves in a stream in a tropical rainforest soil in Costa Rica (Ahmad and Shaheen, 2005).

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Feeding:

Categorized as predators and omnivores by Yeates et al., 1993

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Biology and Ecology:

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Life Cycle:

Ecophysiological Parameters:

For Ecophysiological Parameters for this species, click	If species level data are not available, click for genus level parameters

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Ecosystem Functions and Services:

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Management:

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References:

Ahmad, W. Shaheen, A. 2005. A new and known species of the genus Chrysonema Thorne, 2005. (Nematoda, Dorylaimida) from Costa Rica. Nematol. Medit. 33:55-60.

Andrassy, I. 2009. Free-living Nematodes of Hungary III. Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest. 608p.

De Man G., 1880. Die einheimischen, frei in der reinen Erde und im sÃ¼ssen Wasser Lebenden Nematoden. Tijdschrift nederlandsche dierkundige Vereeniging, 5: 1-104.

Siddiqi, M.R. 1969. Crateronema n. gen. (Crateronematidae n. fam.), Poronemella n. gen. (Lordellonematinae n. sub-fam.) and Chrysonemoides n. gen. (Chrysonematidae n. fam. ), With a Revised Classification of Dorylaimoidea (Nematoda). Nematology 15:81-100.

Yeates, G.W., T. Bongers, R. G. M. De Goede, D. W. Freckman, and S. S. Georgieva. 1993. Feeding habits in soil nematode families and genera—An outline for soil ecologists. Journal of Nematology 25:315-331