Heterodorus

  

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Rev 06/16/2023

  Classification Hosts
Morphology and Anatomy Life Cycle
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Distribution Management
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Classification:

Enoplea
Dorylaimia
     Dorylaimida
Nordiidae
Pungentinae
             
          Heterodorus Altherr, 1952

Note: Per Elshishka et al (2013): The genus Heterodorus was erected by Altherr (1952) to accommodate one enchodelid species with a cone-like chamber in the distal part of the uterus. Subsequently, Altherr synonymised it with Enchodelus Thorne, 1939 (Altherr, 1963). In other studies, Heterodorus was considered  a junior synonym of Enchodelus (Loof, 1971;,Jairajpuri and Ahmad, 1992, and others). In 2009, Andrássy re-established Heterodorus to include all enchodelid species with a conical tail and few ventromedial supplements. He transferred 24 species from Enchodelus to Heterodorus. Molecular data supported the opinion of Andrássy that the species with rounded and conical tail form two different groups (clades) (Pedram et al. 2009, 2011).

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Morphology and Anatomy:

  • Body length 1-3 mm
  • Cuticle smooth to finely striated
  • Lip moderately separated, slightly offset from body contour.
  • Odontostyle thin  with small aperture, 10 to 70 µm long or one to four times the labial diameter long.
  • Odontophore rodlike, lacking basal flanges. Guiding ring double.
  • Expanded part of esophagus less than 50% of total esophagus length, weakly muscular.
  • Female diodelphic, amphidelphic; vulva a transverse slit.
  • Male with paired testes, dorylaimoid spicules and 1-9 ventromedian supplements.
  • Tail similar in both sexes, short, conoid, ventrally arcuate, with finely rounded tip.

Ref: Andrassy. 2011

  

Body size range for the species of this genus in the database - Click:
 
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Distribution:

 

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Economic Importance:

 

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Feeding:

 

   
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Hosts:
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Life Cycle:

 

For Ecophysiological Parameters for this genus, click 

 

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Damage:

 

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Management:

 

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References:

Andrassy I. 2009. Free-living nematodes of Hungary (Nematoda Errantia). Pedozoologica Hungarica, Budapest, 608 p.

 Andrassy, I. 2011. On the nematode genus Heterodorus Altherr, 1952 (Dorylaimida: Nordiidae) with descriptions of three new species.Opusc. Zool. Budapest, 42:3–22.

Elshishka, M., Lazarova, S., Peneva, V.K. 2013. Heterodorus magnificus Altherr, 1952 and H. arcuatus (Thorne, 1939) (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from Arctic Polar Deserts: new geographic records. Acta Zool. Bulgarica 65:447-456.

Jairajpuri M. S., W. Ahmad 1992. Dorylaimida. Free-living, predaceous and plant-parasitic nematodes. Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands. 458 p

.Loof P. A. A. 1971. Freeliving and plant parasitic nematodes from Spitzbergen, collected by Mr. H. van Rossen. – Mededelingen Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen, 71: 1-86

Pedram M., G. Niknam, P. Guerrero, W. Ye, R. Robbins 2009. Morphological and molecular characterisation of Enchodelus babakicus n. sp. and E. macrodorus Thorne, 1939 (Nematoda: Nordiidae) from Iran. – Nematology, 11: 895-907.

Pedram M., E. Pourjam, R. Robbins, W. Ye and R. Pena-Santiago 2011. Description of one new, and new data on two known, species of Enchodelus Thorne, 1939 (Dorylaimida: Nordiidae) from Iran. – Nematology, 13: 729-740.

Thorne, G. 1939. A monograph of the nematodes of the superfamily Dorylaimoidea. Capita Zool. 8: 1-263.

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Copyright © 1999 by Howard Ferris.
Revised: June 16, 2023.