Trichostrongylus tenuis		Contents		Rev 10/15/2024
		Classification		Biology and Ecology
		Morphology and Anatomy		Life Cycle
Return to Trichostrongylus Menu				Ecosystem Functions and Services
		Distribution		Management
Return to Trichostongylidae Menu		Feeding		References
		Go to Nemaplex Main Menu		Go to Dictionary of Terminology

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 Classification

Chromadorea

Chromadoria

Rhabditida

  Rhabditina

   Stronglyloidea

    Trichstrongylidae

Trichostrongylus tenuis Mehlin, 1846

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Morphology and Anatomy:

Morphometric species identification may require structural specifics of the reproductive system and the tail, including specifics of vulva and anus location, sizes of the ovijector, sphincter, ejector and vulval area, details of cuticular crests, and 22 metric parameters (Yevstafieva et al., 2020).

General characteristics:

• Relatively small and thin nematodes up to 11 mm long
•  mouth opening surrounded by three inconspicuous lips which are slightly depressed in the middle.
• Papillae and other cuticular structures absent at head end.
• Esophagus was thin and elongated

Females:

• vulva slit-like opening without protrusions, located the posterior body part,about 1.5 mm from the tail
• ovijector was welldeveloped, consistuing of a funnel-like struture linked to the uterus with a muscle sphincter and distally located ejector
• uterus filled with eggs.
• Lateral wings and cuticular crests differing in height along body
• female tail  was cone-shaped, terminting in a small, digitate process.
•  anus was well-developed located 89 un from tail end.

Ref: Yevstafieva et al., 2020

 

Reported median body size for this species (Length mm; width micrometers; weight micrograms) - Click:

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Distribution

Trichostrongylus tenuis and trichostrongylosis of birds are reported throughout Europe, Africa and Central America.

 

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Economic Importance:

 

 

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Hosts:

Trichostrongylus tenuis is a parasite of domestic and wild birds, including the domestic goose.

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Feeding

Trichostrongylus tenuis parasitizes the gastrointestinal tract of birds and causes trichostrongylosis.

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Life Cycle:

In common with other families, genera and species of the superfamily Trichostrongyloidea, T. tenuis has a free-living stage in its life cycle with metamorphoses occur outside the host (Connan & Wise, 1993; Sudhaus & Fitch, 2001).

For Ecophysiological Parameters for this species, click	If species level data are not available, click for genus level parameters

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Damage:

Trichostrongylus tenuis parasitizes the gastrointestinal tract of birds and causes trichostrongylosis.. The condition results in delay in the growth and development of young birds, negatively
affects the productivity, product quality and functional activity of birds’ immune systems, reducing the natural reactivity of their bodies, often resulting  in death (Shaw and Moss, 1990).

 

Trichostrongylus tenuis is usually located in the caecumof birds and less frequently in the small intestins (Yevstafieva et al., 2020).

 

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Management:

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References:

Connan, R.M.,Wise, D.R. 1993. Development and survival at low temperature of the free living stages of Trichostrongylus tenuis. Research in Veterinary Science, 55:20-24.

Shaw, J. L.,  Moss, R. 1990. Effects of the caecal nematode Trichostrongylus tenuis on egg-laying by captive red grouse. Research in Veterinary Science, 48: 59–63.

Sudhaus, W., Fitch, D. 2001. Comparative studies on the phylogeny and systematics of the Rhabditidae (Nematoda). Journal of Nematology, 33:1-70.

Yevstafieva, V.O., Starodub, Y.S., Pisarenko, V.M., Barabolia, O.V., Nikiforova, O.V. 2020. Differential species traits of Trichostrongylus tenuis (Nematoda, Trichostrongylidae). Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems 11:449-454.

 

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