Bitylenchus maximus

  

Contents

  

Rev 09/06/2023

Stunt Nematode Classification Hosts
Morphology and Anatomy Life Cycle
Return to Bitylenchus Menu Economic Importance Damage
Distribution Management
Return to Telotylenchidae Menu Feeding  References
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Classification:

Rhabditida
       Tylenchina
        Tylenchoidea
           Telotylenchidae
             Telotylenchinae

Bitylenchus maximus (Allen, 1955) Siddiqi, 2000

 

Note: Through molecular analyses, Azizi et al (2022) concluded that both Bitylenchus and Sauertylenchus should be seen as valid Telotylenchinae genera related to, but distinct from,  Tylenchorhynchus.

Synonyms:

Tylenchorhynchus maximus Allen 1955

Sauertylenchus maximus (Allen, 1955) Siddiqi, 1986


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Morphology and Anatomy:

 See genus description for general configuration.


 

 Reported median body size for this species (Length mm; width micrometers; weight micrograms) - Click:

 
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Distribution:

Reported from many regions of the world, Europe, USA, Turkey, Bulgaria

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Economic Importance:


 C-rated pest in California USA per CDFA. (Scheck, 2023).

 

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Feeding:

Migratory ectoparasite of plant roots, feeding primarily on root epidermal cells.


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Hosts:

Pasture grasses, orchards, ornamental plants, cerals, vegetables (Yildiz et al., 2012).

For an extensive host range list for this species, click


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Life Cycle:

Ecophysiological Parameters:

For Ecophysiological Parameters for this species, click If species level data are not available, click for genus level parameters
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Damage:

Bitylenchus maximus  been reported to cause damage to corn in North Carolina, USA (Barker, 1974).. Generally, the damage potential to crop yields is probably fairly low unless the nematode is in high abundance and/or is in combination with other stressors.

 

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Management:

Host Plant Resistance, Non-hosts and Crop Rotation alternatives:

For plants reported to have some level of resistance to this species, click

 

 
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References:

Azizi, K., Eskandari, A., Karegar, A., Ghaderi, R., Elsen, S.V.D., Holterman, M. and Helder, J., 2022. Analyses of morphological and molecular characteristics of Telotylenchinae from Iran point at the validity of the genera Bitylenchus and Sauertylenchus. Zootaxa, 5169(5), pp.425-446.

Barker, K.R. 1974. Influence of geographic area and previous crop on occurrence and densities of plantparasitic nematodes in North Carolina. Plant Disease Reporter 58: 991–99

Gomez-Barcina, A., Siddiqi, M.R. and Castillo, P., 1992. The genus Bitylenchus Filipjev, 1934 (Nematoda: Tylenchida) with descriptions of two new species from Spain. Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 59(1), pp.96-110.

Scheck, H.J. 2023. California Pest Rating Proposal for Bitylenchus maximus (Allen, 1955) Siddiqi, 1986 Stunt nematode. California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento.

Yildiz, S., Handoo, Z., Carta, L,n Skantar, A., Chitwood, D.. 2012.The Stunt Nematode Bitylenchus maximus (Allen) Siddiqi (Tylenchida) in Pastures of Bingl Province, Turkey. J. Inst. Sci and Tech 2:17-28.

 
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Copyright © 1999 by Howard Ferris.
Revised: September 06, 2023.