Cyathostomum (Molin, 1861); Hartwich, 1986
Type species of the genus:
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis, 1831), Molin, 1861, Looss, 1900
Synonyms:
Trichonema Cobbold, 1874, in part
Cylicostomum Looss, 1901, in part
Cylichnostomum Looss, 1902, in part
Cylicostoma Ihle, 1922, in part
Cylicostomias Cram, 1925, in part
Erchowinema Tshoijo, 1957, in part
List of synonymies per Lichtenfels et al., 1998
Intestinal parasites of equids
Species of the Cyathostominae
have a direct lifecycle, with no intermediate host.The third larval stage
(L3) develops in feces deposited iin areas where animals are grazing. The
ingested larval nematodes continue their maturation through subsequent
sthegs to the adult and new eggs may be deposited in feces in 5-6 weeks.
Eggs hatch in the feces and larvae develpo to the third stage when they
enter an apparent dauer stage surrounded by an extra protective cuticle.
They are able to survive in the grazing area for prolonged periods.
Once ingested, the encysted L3 nematodes may
remain encysted in the intestinal wall for periods up to 2 years. In
temperate climates, the nematodes tend to enter the dauer stage during
cooler months while in tropical areas the dauer stage may be entered in the
summer as a protection against heat (Corning, 2009).
Anthelminthic treatment schedule with rotation of drugs to delay development
of parasite resistance to the medications.
Corning, S. 2009. Equine cyathostomins: a review of biology, clinical
significance and therapy. Parasites & Vectors 2(Suppl. 2) S1 doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-2-S2-S1
Lichtenfels, J.R., Karchenko, V.A., Krecek, R.C., Gibbons, L.M. 1998. An
annotated checklist by genus and species of 93 species level names for 51
recognized species of small strongyles (Nematoda: Strongyloidea: Cyathostominea)
of horses, asses and zebras of the world. Veterinary Parasitology 79:65-79.
Copyright © 1999 by Howard Ferris.
Revised: January 20, 2024.