Family PARATYLENCHIDAE

Classification:

      Tylenchida
       Tylenchina
        Tyl;enchuloidea
         Paratylenchidae (Thorne, 1949) or Tylenchulidae

Paratylenchinae
         
         

Morphology and Anatomy:

Migratory ectoparasites. 

Female:

• slender nematodes, up to 0.85mm;
• annulation fine;
• lateral field with two to four lines;
• lip region weakly sclerotized, bluntly rounded or with various shapes from small, lip-like projections near oral aperture;
• stylet length variable (12 to 119 µm), cone longer than shaft plus knobs;
• procorpus gradually merges into metacorpus as a large valvated bulb;
• isthmus long, slender;
• posterior bulb distinctly set off;
• monodelphic, prodelphic, vulva near posterior of body.
• spermatheca well-developed, offset from anterior end of uterus;

Male:

• Degenerate;
• stylet, if present, weakly developed;
• esophagus reduced;
• spicules slightly curved;
• no caudal alae (except weakly developed in Cacopaurus). 

Juvenile:

• Similar to females, but with shorter stylet [lacking or very reduced, rudimentary in fourth-stage (dauer) juvenile].   

References:

Ghaderi, R., Geraert, E., Karegar, A. 2016. TheTylenchulidae of the World. Acadewmia Press, Ghent, Belgium

Raski, D.J. and Luc, M. 1987. A reapraisal of Tylenchina (Nemata) 10. The superfamily Criconematidea Taylor, 1936., Rev. Nematol. 10: 409-444..

Raski, D.J. 1962. Paratyleiichidae n. fam, with descriptions of fve new species of Gracilacus n. g. and an emendation of Cacopaurus Thorne, 1943, Paratylenchus Micoletzky, 1922 and Criconematidae Thorne, 1943. Proc Helmint Soc. Washington 29:189-207.

H. Ferris

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