Rev 10/26/21
Trichodoridae Thorne, 1935
Small family with five genera and around 105 species recognized as of 2018:
Etymology - from the Greek trichos (a hair) and dory (a spear).
Almost exclusively terrestrial nematodes. Ectoparasitic nematodes feeding on the roots of both annual and perennial plants.
Some species of Trichodorus Cobb, 1913 and Paratrichodorus
Siddiqi, 1974 are vectors of plant-pathogenic tobraviruses (including
tobacco
rattle virus, pepper ringspot virus and pea early-browning virus) and are
important plant pests (Decraemer 1995).
Didelphic and monodelphic genera occur. The didelphic genera (Trichodorus, Nanidorus and Paratrichodorus) are cosmopolitan with species reported worldwide. Currently, monodelphic genera (Allotrichodorus Rodriguez, Sher & Siddiqi, 1978, Ecuadorus Siddiqi, 2002 and Monotrichodorus Andrassy, 1976) are only known from Central and South America..
Trichodorus, Nanidorus and Paratrichodorus occur worldwide, Monotrichodorus, Ecuadorus and Allotrichodorus only reported from South and Central America as of 1996.
Wide host range, stunt roots, transmit Tobacco rattle Virus, Pea early-browning Virus and Pepper Ringspot Virus.
At root tip.
Stubby root nematodes are characterized by a curved onchiostyle which is not hollow. Ingested cell contents are channeled along a groove on the dorsal, outer, surface of the curve. A polysaccharide feeding tube forms around the spear as it penetrates the cell wall; the feeding tube may aid in channeling cell contents along the spear.
Wide host range.
Root elongation ceases.
The common name of these nematode genera, stubby root nematodes, reflects the root tip feeding habit, which in many plants, results in termination of root elongation. Like nematodes in the Dorylaimida, stubby root nematodes are directly damage plants through their feeding, but are also capable of transmitting plant viruses.
Decraemer, 1995.
Holovachov, O., A Shoshin. 2014, 7.4 Order Triplonchida Cobb, 1919, Handbook of Zoology. Gastrotricha …,